Events leading to 1963 and 1974 civil wars in Cyprus! Did you know?

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 20:34

Lets see how many of us in this forum know about the events that has left Cyprus in the state it is in now!

yorgozlu



Joined: 16/06/2009
Posts: 4437

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 20:35

Is that for TCs only?

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 20:36

No it is especially for those who express opinions about the issue everytime there is a post as such.

yorgozlu



Joined: 16/06/2009
Posts: 4437

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 20:38

http://www.ataa.org/reference/trnc/genocide_trnc.html

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 20:46

great link Yorgozlu, so let me see what I can come up with for pre-1960!

yorgozlu



Joined: 16/06/2009
Posts: 4437

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 20:51

Anyone needs to know about day to day 1974 let me know.I was in it.

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 20:54

Cyprus under the British (1878-1960)

A. British Rule until the Second World War

1878 Cyprus Convention with Turkey assigned the island to British occupation & administration. Gov. Wolseley greeted with request for enosis. Tribute to Sultan continued & used to pay off Ottoman debt.

1882 First constitution established a Legislative Council, but Governor could override decisions by decree.

1914 Formal British annexation at outset of World War I, when Turkey sided with Germany against Britain

1915 Offer of Cyprus to Greece turned down

1922 Ataturk and newly established Republic of Turkey defeats Greece after brutal two-year war; enormous population exchange is conducted between Greece and Turkey.

1923 Lausanne Treaty; annexation recognized, and all claims to the island renounced. Turkish Cypriot (TC) delegation to Ankara to press for return of island to Turkey.

1925 Cyprus becomes a British colony

To be continued...

Stonehousepub


Joined: 21/05/2009
Posts: 755

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 20:58

message 2



Salahi



Its not TC its CT..... according to alsancakjack

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 20:58

1925 Cyprus becomes a British colony

1930 Primary education put under direct British control; growth of Greek (and later, Turkish) identity, beginning of split between economic & cultural elites.

1931 Civil riots against British; constitution suspended.

1941 AKEL, the Cypriot Communist Party, formed

1942 Turkish Minority Association (KATAK, 1942), formed

1943 First TC trade union formed



B. Post-War Cyprus

1948 Winster proposals for self-government excluded self-determination; rejected by Greek Cypriots (GCs). TCs form special committee in response to rising GC demand for enosis.

1949 First TC public protest against enosis in Nicosia; two TC groups unite in Turkish National Party. AKEL switches from supporting self-government to support for enosis.

1950 Makarios III becomes Archbishop; petition for enosis in churches signed by 96-97% .

1952 Makarios blocks Grivas' plans for an armed campaign, asked Greece to make UN effort. Turkey and Greece enter NATO.

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 21:03

1954 British move of joint HQ of Mideast Forces from Suez to Cyprus; "never" statement from Hopkinson with regard to self-determination. In July, attempt to put Cyprus question before UN, defeated by Anglo-Turkish cooperation. In August, TCs hold mass meeting in Nicosia, and formation of "Cyprus is Turkish Committee" in Ankara, encouraged by PM Menderes

VI The Struggle against British

1955 Armed violence against British begun by Grivas & EOKA. Küçük renames National Union Party as Cyprus is Turkish Party. London Conference: Britain invited Greece & Turkey to discuss problems, including Cyprus. Conference ended without agreement. Riots orchestrated in Istanbul. Gov. Harding cracks down on EOKA.

1956 Negotiations for self-government. Makarios deported. Violence & repression intensifies. EOKA targets police, GCs as well as British murdered. GCs in police replaced by TCs; some TCs are casualties of EOKA terrorism. Radcliffe Plan for self-governance rejected;

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 21:05

1957 Bombing kills one TC, wounding three; TCs retaliated. TC riots in Nicosia against British forces; seven TCs killed. Trade unions joint appeal for calm. EOKA cease fire, release of Makarios to Athens. TC demand for "taksim"; rise of TMT. Demand for Turkish army base. Governor Foot pursues new policy of conciliation.

1958 Plan for self-government postponed sovereignty issue; rejected by Turkey. TCs riot for partition. EOKA boycott of British, end of year-long ceasefire. Turkish Cypriot PIO office bombed, EOKA blamed (later established that TC extremists responsible). TC violence against GCs in Nicosia, 8 GCs killed near Guenyeli. MacMillan plan involving Greece & Turkey; some implementation begun. EOKA targets TCs; villages burned. Intercommunal ceasefire. Makarios announced he would agree to guaranteed independence.

1959 Greek and Turkish foreign ministers met at Zurich to draft treaties for independence of Cyprus. Averoff & Zorlu draft basic articles of constitution.

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 21:08

1959 Makarios & Küçük brought to London to sign without alteration. Treaties provide for guarantee of limited independence, British bases, Greek & Turkish troops to be stationed on the island. Makarios & Küçük elected president, vice president. Grivas retired to Athens. Cypriots disarm with some exceptions. Deniz (TC arms smuggling) incident.

VII The First Years of the Republic (1960-1963)

1960 Cyprus - an independent republic - established on August 15, Makarios president. Initial efforts at governing under the new constitution.

1961 Disputes over certain basic articles: separate municipalities, public service and Cypriot army ratio, taxes. TCs veto tax law.

1962 Failure to agree on separate municipalities; continuing gridlock and terrorism. April, murder of two Turkish Cypriot journalists, Hikmet and Gurkhan, who advocated intercommunal cooperation.



The rest can be followd from yorgozlu's link...

DutchCrusader



Joined: 19/05/2008
Posts: 11281

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 21:13

RE msg 9, Stonehousepub: (...) Its not TC its CT..... according to alsancakjack (...)

=> If you knew (your own) history you would agree with AJ - and I have said it often before on this board. After 10.000 years "Original Cypriots" do not exist anymore - the people who later arrived on the island, thousands of years ago, are at best "Greek speaking Cypriots" and the people who arrived on the island in 1570/1 should be called Cypriot Turks - after only four centuries plus on Cyprus. Although my sympathy is 100% based in the North and with its people - facts are facts and should not be twisted.

Stonehousepub


Joined: 21/05/2009
Posts: 755

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 21:53

DC



We learn something new everyday.... Cannot see what the difference is to be quite honest CT or TC, I have not disagreed with AJ but taking into consideration that there must be atleast 10,000 posts on this forum quoting TC, I find it quite surprising why he should decide to correct me.



In this particular instance it is not a question of knowing history it's more a question of posting in a format that everyone can comprehend.

yorgozlu



Joined: 16/06/2009
Posts: 4437

Message Posted:
26/10/2010 22:52

I say potato,you say potatoe,............

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
27/10/2010 00:05

Dutchcrusader;

The Greek history is mainly based on mythology, i.e. fairy tales! Even today there is disagreement between historians as to who is "Greek" and who is not. Mycenians, Aacheans, Peloponnese etc. who occupied diferent parts of the area. BUT the country that was later called Greece decided that everyone else who had lived there for thousands of years were Greeks. Hence the current dispute about Macedonians refusing to be called Greeks!

Below is from a Greek site: http://www.daedalus.gr/prdinformatics/HOC/installationofmykhnaionatcyprusAEn.htm

"The Myceneans (Achaeans), descended to the Hellenic region at around 2000 or 1900 B. C. from the north or northeast, probably coming from the Ural mountains and the regions of the Caspian sea. The first wave of immigrants which descended to the Hellenic region"

By the same reasoning if those who lived in Turkey are to be accepted as Turks, then we were here couple of thousand years before Greeks!

karakum5c



Joined: 18/03/2008
Posts: 1021

Message Posted:
27/10/2010 00:16

we are all gods children !



and like all children we love knocking lumps out our brothers and sisters !











Cyprus needs Supernanny to sort us out........................................wheres that naughty step gone.

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
27/10/2010 00:18

Also: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Cyprus

"In the Bronze Age the first cities, like Enkomi, were built. Systematic copper mining began, and this resource was widely traded. The Cypriot syllabic script was first used in early phases of the late Bronze Age (LCIB) and continued in use for ca. 500 years into the to LC IIIB, maybe up to the second half of the eleventh century BC. Most scholars believe it was used for a native Cypriot language (Eteocypriot) that survived until the 4th century BC, but the actual proofs for this are scant, as the tablets still have not been completely deciphered..."

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
27/10/2010 00:25

Furthermore;

"Late Bronze Age Cyprus was a part of the Hittite empire but was a client state and as such was not invaded but rather merely part of the empire by association and governed by the ruling kings of Ugarit. As such Cyprus was essentially "left alone with little intervention in Cypriot affairs". However during the reign of Tudhaliya the island was briefly invaded by the Hittites for either reasons of securing the copper resource or as a way of preventing piracy. Shortly afterwards the island was reconquered by his son around 1200 BCE.

The first cremation burial in Bronze vessels has been found at Kourion-Kaloriziki, tomb 40, dated to the first half of the 11th century (LCIIIB). The shaft grave contained two bronze rod tripod stands, the remains of a shield and a golden sceptre as well. Formerly seen as the Royal grave of first Argive founders of Kourion, it is now interpreted as the tomb of a native Cypriote or a Phoenician prince."

And I can go on but I think you got the m

apc2010


Joined: 28/07/2010
Posts: 1689

Message Posted:
27/10/2010 02:08

hate to be boring , but how can pauline and geoff/mary get help from the international community untill these are recognised.....////???







http://www.un.int/cyprus/resolut.htm

apc2010


Joined: 28/07/2010
Posts: 1689

Message Posted:
27/10/2010 02:18

no mention of tmt ..???

swannee7


Joined: 21/08/2009
Posts: 394

Message Posted:
31/10/2010 19:54

BigOz: (msge.12)

Have just come across your postings on this thread hence my apparent delay in responding. Hope you may find the following info of interest.



" 1959. Makarios & Kucuk brought to London to sign...."

What is NOT generally known or recorded is that the date for Independance was originally set/agreed for FEBRUARY 1960 but as we all know, Independence was actually effected 6 months later, in August of that year.

Cobbler


Joined: 15/11/2009
Posts: 61

Message Posted:
31/10/2010 20:21

Read this from the other side recently, surely it can't be true



http://dosfan.lib.uic.edu/ERC/frus/frus58-60x1/15cyprus2.html



Had interview Deputy Governor Sinclair today regarding tragic events of last three days./1/ He gave me details new severe emergency regulations enumerated Contel 388./2/ Said Turk leaders here have been extremely uncooperative, refusing government's requests urge restraint and instead, with utter cynicism, have repeated claim that Greek bomb at information center provoked Turk community. I pointed out admission Turk responsibility for later killings in words Kuchuk at Istanbul, who said Turk patriots "marched to Greek quarter killing two and wounding five" in retribution. Sinclair said all evidence, including condition interior building pointed to "planned" operation, and while government unable accuse openly, had informed press and wire services "for guidance" that incident apparently not Greek inspired.

Cobbler


Joined: 15/11/2009
Posts: 61

Message Posted:
31/10/2010 20:22

/1/On the evening of June 7, a bomb exploded outside the Turkish Press Office in Nicosia, setting off violent rioting by the Turkish Cypriots. Bands of Turks invaded the Greek quarters of the city and attacked Greek Cypriots, killing two. Rioting spread throughout Cyprus on June 8.

/He not so certain of role Ankara government but there again usual pattern would indicate complicity. In reply my query his assessment Turk purpose in forcing issue to verge civil war, Sinclair said "This is their all-out bid for partition". In spite obvious discouragement local officials and seeming hopelessness of effort, HMG planning press on with new initiative June 17. I gave him some of worst FBIS transcripts Ankara radio output yesterday, pointing out that our reports were to effect public radios in various centers pouring forth these lies and inflammatory statements to masses Turks who later demonstrated as in Limassol, Ktima, Larnaca and Famagusta

Cobbler


Joined: 15/11/2009
Posts: 61

Message Posted:
31/10/2010 20:23

Such broadcasts obviously contributed to tragedy last night's knife and shovel killings Larnaca.

Sinclair agreed and said they now giving serious consideration jamming Ankara radio as well as Athens.

Also queried Deputy Governor with regard position Denktash/3/ who, after fiery speech Nicosia and after request by Administration Secretary Reddaway for moderation, proceeded Larnaca and delivered same speech. Deputy Governor admitted they reexamining Denktash position in view recent actions. I then gave him FBIS transcript Kuchuk Istanbul speech for use by Governor when he meets Turk leaders this afternoon.

Lemtich



Joined: 15/02/2007
Posts: 1487

Message Posted:
31/10/2010 22:38

Was it something about IKEA wanting to take Cyprus from the British and they got independence and the ROC wanted to get rid of Lemar and Tempo and there was a big fight until LIDL, Marks & Spencers and some other other stores took over and Orthanidies surrendered and that was it. THe UN intervened and is now too expensive to shop in the TRNC and even more so in the ROC and Cyprus is divided until Tesco takes over. Now that its turnover is larger than most 3rd world countries.

bigOz


Joined: 29/09/2010
Posts: 1244

Message Posted:
01/11/2010 14:35

That still doesn't explain why McDonalds are more expensive in ROC than in England!!!