a biography of Ataturk a bit about the man

ukturk



Joined: 01/09/2007
Posts: 1974

Message Posted:
03/12/2007 23:55

hi guys

i thought i would write a bit that i have read from books about the father of the turks Ataturk his histiory and a bit about his reforms on a new republic of turkey and all the other turkish member counties



Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) was born in 1881 in salonika, his dad was a customs officer named Ali Riza and his mum name was Zubeyde

he started army junior school in 1895 and finnished the academy with the rank as a captain in 1905

in 1906 he was sent to damascus where he founded a society with his friends vatan ve hurriyet (fatherland and freedom)

in 1911 on his own accord he went to tripoli during the war with italy and took part of the defence, while he was still in libya the balkan war broke out and he served in this war as a successful commander during 1912-1914, at the end of the war he was appointed military attache in sofia

when mustafa kemal was in sofia the first world war broke out and he was the commander of the anafartalar group based in canakkale defending turkey from the allied forces which he personally saved turkey of invaison, this is a true story during battle mustafa kemal was hit by shrapnel above his heart but his watch in his breast pocket saved his life

in 1918 the peace treaty was signed (armistice of mondoros) but was broken soon after by the british french and italians who were in istanbul, adana was occupied by french, urfa and samsun by the british, antalya and konya by the italians and then finally the greeks in 1919 in izmir

mustafa kemal landed in samsun on may the 19th 1919 and this day marks the day of the turkish day of independence, and mustafa kemal chose this day as his own birthday

while the invaders occupied istanbul on the 23 of april 1920, mustafa kemal opened the turkish national assembly and a new government was formed in ankara on the same day he was elected president of the party

after much fighting in many areas izmir was the last place that had enemy greek troops on the 9th of sept 1922 were driven back in to the sea near izmir

and war had ended

on the 24th of july 1923 the treaty of lausanne was signed and a new turkish state was recognissed by all countries, on the 29th october 1923 mustafa kemal declared the turkish state a new republic and in turn the caliphate (otaman empire) was abolished and mustafa kemal was elected the first president of the republic of turkey



The reforms of Ataturk



his first reform was the abolition of the arabic alaphabet and the adoption of the latin alphabet and on the 3rd of nov 1928 the new turkish alphabet was formed

with his clothing reform women stopped wearing veils and started wearing modern clothing and men stopped wearing fez's and wore hats

the new turkish state needed a new legal sysytem so ataturk adopted the swiss civil code and introduced the italian penal code of that time

until the the early 1900 the education system was based on ottoman systems

and in 1933 the university reform was introduced based on western models

he introduced women rights thru the civil code this gave them the same rights as men they could vote and have official jobs and to be politicans

he introduced many other reforms like the weekend act of 1924, the internatiional time and calender system of 1925, the system of measures 1933, and the surname act of 1934 this meant that every turk could have a surname and the nations leader was named ATATURK 'the father of the turks'

this secularisim way of thinking named kemalist meant the state was sepearated from religion and educational,cultural and leagal affairs

the kemalist priciple of secularism did not advocate atheism and was not anti god but it was a rationalist and the principle was not against islam but against islam which was opposed to modernisation

the kemalist revolution was a nationalist revolution but not a racist it was meant to preserve the independence of turkey

b

simbas



Joined: 16/07/2007
Posts: 5943

Message Posted:
04/12/2007 06:51

Good morning all .Ukturk, how fascinating ! that one man could achieve so much in a lifetime, and have made such a contribution to the future of his country in such a selfless fashion risking life and limb in doing so. a true hero one can only wonder at the driving force behind Ataturk.

Have a good day all --------simbas

Milou


Joined: 15/10/2007
Posts: 425

Message Posted:
04/12/2007 10:51

Hi All



Another wonderful read: "The New Turkey", by Chris Morris. He gives a brief but fascinating history of this country to present times and asks,



"For those who still think Europe should define itself by whom it can exclude, not whom it can embrace, The New Turkey is an eloqauent nudge in the ribs".



A, must read.



Regards

ilovecyprus


Joined: 08/05/2007
Posts: 2880

Message Posted:
04/12/2007 11:23

Thanks Erkan. I had no idea that Turkish cities including Istanbul were occupied, although I knew the British encourgaed the Greeks to invade Izmir. That whole period was messy. The British history books state that the Turks forced 2 million Greeks to leave their homes in Anatolia and at some point later the Greeks retaliated in kind in the Balkans. The two countries have had a bitter existence.

ukturk



Joined: 01/09/2007
Posts: 1974

Message Posted:
04/12/2007 12:20

hi mark

that whole period was a very messy time and a very dark period for the allied forces, but all we hear about in the british history books is how the turks (otomans at the time) were the bad barbaric race by kicking out the greeks out of their homes but it was not their homes to begin with, it was homes that belonged to the turks so the turks had every right to what they had to do, and i know it was bad but this is what happens in war and yes you are right about greeks and turks having a bitter existence, but i must say even thou the turks had their fair share of invading countries the greeks are the ones who always started something with sometimes the backing of the allied forces, below are some true dated facts on what the greeks did during the balkan and anatolia periods

the massacres performed by greeks after the balkan wars and during the ww1



3 February 1914 Greeks applied pressure onto the Moslem folk to force them migrate.

23 March 1914 The soldiers attacked Moslem villages, raped Moslem woman in front of the eyes of their husbands.

7 May 1914 In Karagöz village of Drama, Greek soldiers attacked some houses and tried to burn the houses.

7 May 1914 In Boriva vilage of Drama, Greek soldiers raped Moslem women and killed the imam and his wife of Papa village.

14 May 1914 In Vodine and Drama, Moslem folk was forced to become Christians. The Turks were substituted by Greek imigrants through force.

21 May 1914 The Moslems in the lands occupied by Greeks during war were tortured, and forced to migrate.

21 May 1914 In Macodonia, an organized cruelity on the folk was performed.

21 May 1914 Greeks threatened the folk in Drama not to talk about the cruelity, raped the women and killed many.

15 June 1914 In Sisam the Moslem boatsmen were killed.

1914 In Siros, the Moslem schools were occupied.

28 June 1914 The assets of Moslems in Vardar, Doðancý and

Karaoðluyahya villages of Salaniko were captured.

24 July 1914 In Kavala Some Mosques were captured and transformed

to churchs

22 September 1914 Guns were distributed to greek folk to massacre moslems in case of a war.

18 June 1915 Greeks attacked and insulted Moslems, tried to kill innocent children.

10 July 1915 In Vodine, Kuran was thrown and stepped over, and the Greeks raped the girls and women.

27 October 1915 In Hanya, graveyards and mosques were transformed to churches

2 February 1916 In Kavala, Drama, Sarýþban and Praviþte the assets of Moslems were captured.

2 June 1918 In Edirne and Dedeaðaç, Greeks massacred and tortured the moslems as the cities seized by Greece.

3 July 1918 As Þarköy fell to Bulgarians, in Ýshaklý and Kýzýlcaterzi, more than 15 emigrants were massacred by Greeks.

7 July 1918 In the villages of parköy, Mürefte and Ýnoz, Moslems were tortured and the women were raped. Their assets were captured

by Greeks.

31 July 1918 In Hanya, a Mosque was transformed to church

10 March 1919 In the Zihne villlage of Siroz, the Moslem folk was forced to migrate.



the genocide commited by greeks on moslems after ww1 in anatolia



5 June 1919 Greek soldiers burnt the villages around Ödemiþ. They killed the Moslem folk.

20 June 1919 As the Greek soldiers massacred Moslem folk in Menemen, The mayor of Akhisar applied to the allied forces.

5 July 1919 Greeks raped Turkish women train passengers in Aziziye station in front of the eyes of their husbands.

1 July 1919 Greeks killed 200 women around Aydin and Nazilli

5 July 1919 Turks did not resist the entrance of Greek forces relying upon the

European Conference. But Greeks killed hundreds of them.

9 July 1919 Greeks occupying Aydin killed Moslem folk, raped

the women and captured their assets.

9 July 1919 In Akhisar, Halit Paþa (General) and his five friends were killed. Their bodies were seperated, ears and noses were cut, eyes were carved.

12 July 1919 Greks ocupying Aydýn and N

ilovecyprus


Joined: 08/05/2007
Posts: 2880

Message Posted:
04/12/2007 12:28

Thanks Erkan

It really is amazing how the Brits have done everything possible to paint the Greeks in a positive light. As I have said before, my view is that this has everything to do with our obsession with democracy which was birthed in Athens. We do what we can, not to tarnish this image we have of the mighty Greek civilisation. To be fair, the Greeks did have some amazing philosophers, but they have lost their way somewhere along the line.

ukturk



Joined: 01/09/2007
Posts: 1974

Message Posted:
04/12/2007 12:59

hi mark

i agree the greeks did have many good philosophers which are still practised to this day, but this got mixed up with the ideas of some right wing greek leaders who wanted some sort of domination around these areas and this started as far back as the early 1400's

the greeks introduced many principles and one of them was called 'Megali' which means a great idea and was started soon after fatih the conquerer conqured istanbul in 1453, they had the idea that istanbul would be taken back as well as crete, rhodes, cyprus and anatollia would be invaded, greeks would go to egypt as alexander the great had done and a hellanic empire called the byzantum would be created

The capital of this empire would be istanbul where the greeks still call constantinople

The greek orthodox church had exploited the tolerance of the Ottoman Empire about religions and applied such actions in order to reach his goals.For example, in 1754 Ottoman Sultan had publicated a decree that the greek arcbishop is the second politic and influential person in Cyprus. After this date thearcbishop had been called "ETNARH" which means "National Leader".

As a result greek rebellion formed in greece in 1821 and the greeks had got their independence and they had started take some steps in order to reach "Megali". greeks succeeded to invade Crete, Rodhos, and 12 other surrounding Islands

Izmir and Western Anatolia was invaded by greek troops with the support of Britain and France, greek armies finally lost the war against the Turkish Armies with the leading of Ataturk and the 3 year occupation had finished. the greeks call this defeat as "A BIG DESTRUCTION".

Again in 1974 ENOSIS ( annexiation of Cyprus to Greece) was prevented by a Turkish Intervention, as a Guarantor state, in accordances with the legal rights which had been given by Treaty of London and Zurich

ENOSIS was the Cyprus part of the 'Megali' idea

It has to be said that all western countries especially britain and all alied forces including russia have always supported Greece against Turkey in order to reach their idea of Megali

regards

ukturk (erkan)

ilovecyprus


Joined: 08/05/2007
Posts: 2880

Message Posted:
04/12/2007 13:49

blimey Erkan, you should be teaching history. Thanks for this. When I get more time I will read this in more detail

ukturk



Joined: 01/09/2007
Posts: 1974

Message Posted:
04/12/2007 14:12

hi mark

i know sometimes i surprise myself mate with the info i know that i have collected over the years, and i have only learned this since living in turkey from the vast books i have collected over the years

in the u.k at school you only learn about how the brits defeated the nazis in acheving new world order (but in turn thats what e.u are trying to do now) and how the great british empire was and how they liberated these poor little countires from their aggresors i.e india-pakistan-most of the african countries - some of the middle east countries - caribean countries and by sticking missonaries in these countries trying to teach uncivilised villagers about jesus who was a blond blue eyed son of god

now the popultaion of the u.k are now complaining that there are far too many foreigners in the country, well they only got themselves to blame by giving their ancesters british citizenships

'You reap what you sow'

regards

erkan (ukturk)

dy1259


Joined: 10/08/2007
Posts: 357

Message Posted:
09/12/2007 03:07

Bump it up.

dy1259


Joined: 10/08/2007
Posts: 357

Message Posted:
09/12/2007 14:48

Hi Erkan aka History Man,

I bought the book on Attaturk that you recommended and am currently reading it. I have deliberately not read your opening post as I want to read more about Attaturk myself first! I've copied your detailed outline for future reading.



Regards

Donna

ukturk



Joined: 01/09/2007
Posts: 1974

Message Posted:
09/12/2007 14:54

hi donna

long time no hear hope you have been well, of course i did i forgot sorry!!!! lol

also i woke up to see you have bumped up nearly every subject yesyerday what happened did you get the bumping up virus!!!! lol

im running out of alter ego's to be called lol

regards

erkan

dy1259


Joined: 10/08/2007
Posts: 357

Message Posted:
09/12/2007 15:03

Hi Erkan,

You've no doubt seen my, Have you seen it? thread? I'm trying to get rid of it into the ether of back pages especially after someone had inadvertently signed it!! No names mentioned. LOL. This is why I've been bumping up all and sundry.



You have shown us that you are a man of many talents hence your numerous akas. LOL.



Donna